Feb 10, 2026Telomere Biology and Aging: Attrition Rate, Telomerase, and What Supplements ShowTelomeres shorten with each cell division, and critically short telomeres trigger senescence or apoptosis. Telomerase can extend them but its activation is complex and cancer-relevant. This article covers the biology, what supplements like vitamin D and astragalus show, and honest limitations.
Feb 8, 2026Mitochondria and Aging: Bioenergetics, ROS, Fission/Fusion Dynamics, and Intervention TargetsMitochondrial dysfunction is a central hallmark of aging. ATP production efficiency declines, ROS production increases, and the balance of fission (fragmentation) and fusion (elongation) shifts unfavorably. This article explains the biology and maps interventions — from CoQ10 to urolithin A — to specific mitochondrial nodes.
Feb 7, 2026NAD+ Biology: Age-Related Decline, PARP and CD38 Consumption, and Precursor InterventionsNAD+ declines 40-60% between young adulthood and old age due to increased consumption by PARP (DNA repair), CD38 (inflammatory enzyme), and reduced biosynthesis. This article explains the mechanisms, why precursor supplementation may help, and the current state of human evidence.
Feb 6, 2026Cellular Senescence: What Zombie Cells Are, Senolytics, and the Evidence TimelineSenescent cells — sometimes called zombie cells — accumulate with age, secreting inflammatory signals (SASP) that damage neighboring tissue. Senolytics selectively eliminate them. This explainer covers the biology, the Mayo Clinic trials, and the current state of senolytic supplements and drugs.
Feb 4, 2026The 12 Hallmarks of Aging: Which Supplements Address Each and the EvidenceThe 12 hallmarks of aging — from genomic instability to chronic inflammation — each represent targetable mechanisms. This article maps which supplements have mechanistic or clinical evidence for each hallmark, providing an evidence-calibrated framework for building a longevity protocol.