Condition Strategy

Osteoporosis and Bone Density Decline

Prevent fractures by maintaining bone density above fracture threshold

Evidence Level A

Evidence and Risk Labels

Evidence A/B/C reflects research maturity, and risk levels reflect monitoring needs. These labels support comparison, not diagnosis or treatment decisions.

See full scoring guide

Guidance Summary

Bone density peaks in the late 20s and declines progressively. Weight-bearing exercise, adequate calcium, vitamin D3, and vitamin K2 form the evidence-based prevention foundation. Bisphosphonates are indicated for established osteoporosis.

Top Interventions

  • weight-bearing exercise
  • adequate calcium intake
  • vitamin D3 optimization
  • vitamin K2
  • protein intake adequacy

Monitoring Priorities

  • DEXA scan (every 1-2 years)
  • 25-OH vitamin D
  • calcium and phosphate
  • fracture risk (FRAX score)

Source Links